I'm spending lots of time trying to educate myself on recording & mixing so, my comments are based upon my current understanding.
Do I understand your question to be.........track vocals with or without effects and add them as needed later?
If I understand the question then the answer is simple:
If you track (record) anything with an effect, it's baked in to the track and you can never change it so, record with no effects and add them later for more control.
However, It's been my experience that having some reverb/delay on the vocal as you sing, helps get a better performance because your voice can sound just too dry to inspire a good performance.
I'm not sure how your recording these days but, if you're using a multi track recorder or tape, the above comment would apply.
If you record through your computer using a DAW, you can turn effects on and off at will.
So you can hear the effect while recording and then decide to change it or remove it later when you're mixing.
That's a huge benefit of digital recording with your computer vs using a multi track recorder.
As a general rule, you want to make any adjustments "in the mix" as apposed to listening to a single track by itself.