Actually if know the octaves you know them all.Ttwo strings down and two frets over (three frets over if you pass the B string). The 6th string gives you the 4th, which gives you the 2nd. The 5th string gives you the 3rd, which gives you the 1st. 1st and 6th are the same and you start over.
I haven't yet found a need (not yet anyway) to memorize and instantly identify the note names so the octave method works for me. There are two additional octave shapes that are useful (from Fingerboard Breakthrough - Howard Morgen):
One string skip - 2 strings down and 2 frets up, 3 frets up when you get to the 2nd string.
Two string skip - 3 strings down (skip two strings) and 3 frets down, 2 frets when you get to the 2nd string. The only one you will use is the 5th string form (like the C chord).
Two octave shape - same fret on 6th and 1st strings.
Basic formula for finding any given note along and across the fingerboard (ascending):
When on 6, move to 4 (one string skip)
When on 5, move to 3
When on 4, move to 2
When on 3, move to 1
When on 2, move to 5 (two string skip)
When on 1, move to 6 (two octave shape)
The second note of each octave shape becomes the first note of the octave shape to follow. For example if we take F
String 1 1st fret goes to...
String 6 1st fret which goes to...
String 4 3rd fret. Move index finger to string 4 3rd fret which goes to...
String 2 6th fret which goes to...
String 5 8th fret (2 string skip) which goes to...
String 3 10th fret which goes to...
String 1 13th fret which goes to...
String 6 13th fret etc.
You can of course work this pattern descending.